About QP Journal
A closer look at the science behind sport, supplementation and human performance.
QP Journal Editorial Team
Quality Pharmaceuticals Online is presented as QP Journal, an educational reading project about sports pharmacology, supplements and health. Articles are credited to the editorial team. This credit does not imply an individual medical qualification.
Sources and translation
The articles in this edition were supplied as Ukrainian source texts and automatically translated into English. Bibliographic references, tables and explanatory diagrams are retained. Translation and website production do not constitute an independent clinical review of every claim.
The journal aims to make mechanisms and uncertainties easier to understand. Article content should not be used as a personal diagnosis, prescribing decision or substitute for medical care.
Corrections and updates
Material corrections to published text or references should be reflected in the article update date. The content is provided as an informational resource and is not a product catalogue.